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Hidden hearing loss in a Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A mouse model
Luis R. Cassinotti, Lingchao Ji, M. Caroline Yuk, Aditi S. Desai, Nathan D. Cass, Zahara A. Amir, Gabriel Corfas
Luis R. Cassinotti, Lingchao Ji, M. Caroline Yuk, Aditi S. Desai, Nathan D. Cass, Zahara A. Amir, Gabriel Corfas
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Research Article Neuroscience Otology

Hidden hearing loss in a Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A mouse model

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Abstract

Hidden hearing loss (HHL), a recently described auditory neuropathy characterized by normal audiometric thresholds but reduced sound-evoked cochlear compound action potentials, has been proposed to contribute to hearing difficulty in noisy environments in people with normal hearing thresholds and has become a widespread complaint. While most studies on HHL pathogenesis have focused on inner hair cell (IHC) synaptopathy, we recently showed that transient auditory nerve (AN) demyelination also causes HHL in mice. To test the effect of myelinopathy on hearing in a clinically relevant model, we studied a mouse model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A (CMT1A), the most prevalent hereditary peripheral neuropathy in humans. CMT1A mice exhibited the functional hallmarks of HHL together with disorganization of AN heminodes near the IHCs with minor loss of AN fibers. These results support the hypothesis that mild disruptions of AN myelination can cause HHL and that heminodal defects contribute to the alterations in the sound-evoked cochlear compound action potentials seen in this mouse model. Furthermore, these findings suggest that patients with CMT1A or other mild peripheral neuropathies are likely to suffer from HHL. Furthermore, these results suggest that studies of hearing in patients with CMT1A might help develop robust clinical tests for HHL, which are currently lacking.

Authors

Luis R. Cassinotti, Lingchao Ji, M. Caroline Yuk, Aditi S. Desai, Nathan D. Cass, Zahara A. Amir, Gabriel Corfas

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Figure 1

CMT1A mice have progressive hidden hearing loss, whereas CMT1E have early-onset overt hearing loss.

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CMT1A mice have progressive hidden hearing loss, whereas CMT1E have earl...
(A) Experimental design. CMT1A, CMT1E, and WT C57BL/6J littermates were used. ABRs and DPOAEs were recorded at 1, 2, 3, and 4 months of age, and after the last tests, cochleae were collected and processed for either transmitted electron microscopy or confocal microscopy to evaluate structural changes at the level of the peripheral auditory nerve. (B) ABR waveform illustrating the criteria used to measure ABR peaks. Peak I amplitudes are measured relative to the baseline, while peak II to peak V are measured from the top to the bottom right of each peak, respectively. (C) CMT1A mice have normal DPOAE thresholds at all time points, while CMT1E mice show mild DPOAE threshold shifts starting at 4 months of age. (D) CMT1A mice have normal ABR thresholds while, in CMT1E animals, they are increased at all time points when compared with WT littermates. (E) ABR peak I amplitudes are progressively reduced in both CMT1 groups compared with WT mice; however, these reductions are more severe in CMT1E mice (Supplemental Figure 1). (F) ABR peak I latencies are longer in both CMT1 groups compared with WT mice, yet CMT1E animals show a more severe phenotype compared with CMT1A mice. WT, n = 14–19 mice; CMT1A, n = 8–11 mice; CMT1E, n = 6–12 mice. DPOAE threshold, ABR threshold, ABR peak I amplitude, or ABR peak I latency at each individual time point were evaluated by 2-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple-comparison test. ABR peak I amplitudes and latencies were measured at 80 dB SPL. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001 versus WT mice; †††P < 0.001; ††††P < 0.0001 versus CMT1A mice. Data are shown as mean ± SEM.

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