Usage Information
Abstract
Memory T cells are conventionally associated with durable recall responses. In our longitudinal analyses of CD4+ T cell responses to the yellow fever virus (YFV) vaccine by peptide-MHC tetramers, we unexpectedly found CD45RO–CCR7+ virus-specific CD4+ T cells that expanded shortly after vaccination and persisted months to years after immunization. Further phenotypic analyses revealed the presence of stem cell–like memory T cells within this subset. In addition, after vaccination T cells lacking known memory markers and functionally resembling genuine naive T cells were identified, referred to herein as marker-negative T (TMN) cells. Single-cell TCR sequencing detected expanded clonotypes within the TMN subset and identified TMN TCRs shared with memory and effector T cells. Longitudinal tracking of YFV-specific responses over subsequent years revealed superior stability of TMN cells, which correlated with the longevity of the overall tetramer+ population. These findings uncover additional complexity within the post-immune T cell compartment and implicate TMN cells in durable immune responses.
Authors
Yi-Gen Pan, Laurent Bartolo, Ruozhang Xu, Bijal V. Patel, Veronika I. Zarnitsyna, Laura F. Su
Usage data is cumulative from July 2025 through July 2026.
| Usage | JCI | PMC |
|---|---|---|
| Text version | 2,141 | 133 |
| 272 | 29 | |
| Figure | 904 | 2 |
| Supplemental data | 235 | 8 |
| Citation downloads | 274 | 0 |
| Totals | 3,826 | 172 |
| Total Views | 3,998 | |
Usage information is collected from two different sources: this site (JCI) and Pubmed Central (PMC). JCI information (compiled daily) shows human readership based on methods we employ to screen out robotic usage. PMC information (aggregated monthly) is also similarly screened of robotic usage.
Various methods are used to distinguish robotic usage. For example, Google automatically scans articles to add to its search index and identifies itself as robotic; other services might not clearly identify themselves as robotic, or they are new or unknown as robotic. Because this activity can be misinterpreted as human readership, data may be re-processed periodically to reflect an improved understanding of robotic activity. Because of these factors, readers should consider usage information illustrative but subject to change.
