Metastatic spinal disease occurs in 40% to 50% of patients with cancer and is a common
cause of pain, disability, and morbidity. Hence, medical and surgical approaches strive to
preserve or restore neurologic function, relieve pain, and stabilize the spine. As systemic
therapies for metastatic cancer evolve with the introduction of novel targeted therapies,
increasing overall survival necessitates the need for optimization of strategies to achieve
local control of disease in the spine, epidural space, and surrounding tissues. The goal in …